RSE "Kazhydromet" issues monthly climate express bulletins, which assess the anomalies of the average monthly air temperature and the monthly amount of atmospheric precipitation on the territory of Kazakhstan
To prepare the bulletin, the data of observations on the meteorological monitoring network of the RSE "Kazhydromet" are used: the series of average monthly air temperatures and monthly precipitation amounts in the period since 1941. The anomalies of the average monthly surface air temperatures and monthly precipitation amounts are determined relative to the norm - the average long-term values calculated for the period 1981-2010, recommended by the World Meteorological Organization as a base for monitoring the anomalies of the current climate. Air temperature anomalies are calculated as deviations of the observed value from the norm. Precipitation anomalies are presented as a percentage of the norm, that is, as a percentage of the amount of precipitation to the corresponding norm value. To characterize climatic extremes, maps are provided, where for each station the range of the empirical probability of not exceeding the current value in the time series of the variable under consideration for the period from 1941 to the current year is indicated (the empirical probability of not exceeding is the proportion of the values of the time series that are less than or equal to the current value). If the probability of not exceeding the current value of the variable falls into the extreme ranges (0-5 % or 96-100 %), then this value has occurred no more often than in 5 % of cases since 1941. If the probability of not exceeding the current air temperature value is in the range of 0-5 %, this indicates extremely low temperatures observed in this place, if in the range of 96-100 %, then, on the contrary,extremely high temperatures. If we consider the amount of precipitation, then in the first case it indicates an extremely small amount of them, in the second-an extremely large amount.
https://kazhydromet.kz/klimat/ekspress-monitoring