Published 05.04.2022 For mountain rivers (south, south-east, east of Kazakhstan), the main indicator of future water content is the amount of precipitation for the period of moisture accumulation starting from October 1, 2021 to April 1, 2022.
In the mountainous territories of Kazakhstan, the elevation of the terrain in small areas varies from 500 m to 5000 m. Accordingly, the snow cover on the mountainous terrain lies unevenly and depends on the location of the slope of the mountain range. Under these conditions, it is not possible to calculate the volume of moisture reserves in the snow cover in million m3, unlike rivers located on the flat territory of the country, where the elevation of the terrain varies from 200 to 500 m.
According to remote sensing images, the area of snow covering the mountainous territories of the republic as of April 1 , 2022:
• Zhambyl region is 2%;
• Turkestan region is 3%;
• Almaty region is 18%;
• East Kazakhstan region accounts for 63%.
In Almaty, East Kazakhstan Turkestan and Zhambyl regions in river basins, with few exceptions, exceeds the norm of the amount of moisture accumulation reserves.
In the East Kazakhstan, Turkestan, Zhambyl and Almaty regions, snow reserves in river basins exceed and within the average annual values.
Based on the analysis of the hydrometeorological situation, a hydrological forecast of the water consumption of mountain rivers for the growing season has been compiled.
According to long-term observations at weather stations, a monthly precipitation rate may fall per day, which can lead to the occurrence of dangerous natural hydrometeorological phenomena. In case of high temperature background and heavy rains, high rain floods may occur along the mountain rivers of the south, south-east and east of Kazakhstan.