Published 29.10.2020 The Depth of freezing of the soil is a very important climate-forming characteristic in agrometeorology, because deep freezing of the soil can negatively affect winter crops, in the Northern part of Kazakhstan, late thawing leads to a delay in sowing in the spring. Soil freezing plays an important role in hydrological forecasting and in the design of utility networks.
The depth of freezing and thawing of the soil at weather stations and agrometeorological posts is determined using the AM-21 permafrost meter. they can be of two types: for measuring at a depth of up to 150 cm from the ground surface, and in a layer of 150-300 cm. (additional device).
Observations are made continuously on a special observation site, starting from the date of onset of negative average daily air temperature in the fall and ending with complete thawing of the soil in the spring.
It is a rubber tube with centimeter divisions filled with distilled water. This measuring tube is placed in a protective viniplast tube pre-installed in the soil at the desired depth. During measurements, the tube with divisions is removed using a cord or rod from the soil, and a column of ice inside the tube is counted. After counting, the rubber tube is carefully lowered back into the protective tube. The top of the unit is tightly closed with a cap with felt padding to exclude the influence of air temperature.
During the observation period, make sure that the upper cap of the exhaust rod (cord) tightly closes the protective pipe when the rubber tube is lowered into it.
The device is very simple in execution, but requires accuracy in operation. But the results of measurements are of great importance in monitoring.